Hukkat - Regulation

Hukkat (Chukat) - Regulation

Throughout the Torah, there are instructions to be learned, teachings to take to heart, and rules and ordinances to observe and obey. Most of these instructions and regulations are understandable, albeit sometimes only after some study and prayer. However, once in a while, we see something that just doesn't make sense to us. One example from an earlier Torah portion is kosher foods. YHVH doesn't tell us why unclean animals are unclean, he simply states that they are so. In the 3500 years since the regulation was given, there have been many interpretations put forth as to why these rules exist. Some may even be correct. The point is, we don't know for sure from a reading of the text.

This week's parasha includes two items that lead to such speculation and varied interpretation. The first comes at the very beginning of the portion regarding the red heifer. Why does sprinkling someone with water mixed with the ashes of a burnt heifer make them clean? Why does mixing the ashes in the water make the person doing the mixing unclean? Why does the heifer have to be burned outside the camp as an unclean item, but the blood sprinkled toward the tent of meeting is clean? As I said before, there have been many different interpretations presented over the millennia. There may be some truth to some, none or all of these interpretations. We simply don't know.

This leads me to the focus of this teaching. Today we are going to focus on the third aliyah, or third reading, of this week's Torah portion, which is Chapter 20:7-13. The story actually begins in verse 2 with the people of Israel running out of water. As is the norm among our people, when facing hardship, we blamed Moshe for bringing us out to the desert to die. This has been the default response for any difficulty faced by Israel for nearly 40 years. Low on food? Moshe brought us out here to die. Low on water? Moshe brought us here to die. Hangnail? Stubbed toe? Splinters and blisters from setting up and tearing down our tents 40+ times? Moshe brought us out here to die. Do you see a pattern forming? But there is another pattern that we see. Moshe's response to the complaints of the people. In verse 6 we see the same thing that is repeated throughout the Torah. Moshe (and Aharon) fell on their faces before YHVH.

And now begins the third aliyah, and the confusion. YHVH provides a way to give water to His people, same as He did forty years earlier. He told Moshe to bring forth water from a rock. This was something Moshe could understand. After all, he had seen it before. However, this time there was a difference. The first time, he was told to strike the rock with his staff and it would produce water. For this latest incident, YHVH changed things. He once again told Moshe to take his staff, but then He told Moshe to speak to the rock. He tells Moshe to "tell the rock to produce its water." (CJB) What happens next is the source of thousands of years’ worth of discussion and debate. When Moshe gathered the people, he deviated from the instructions he had just received. Was it out of frustration? Was it anger? Was it lightheadedness from standing under the desert sun? A cursory reading of the text makes it appear that he was at the very least frustrated with these people, as evidenced by his use of the phrase "you rebels." Hardly a complimentary description of the nation he has led all these years. It says in verse 10 in the Complete Jewish Bible: "Listen here, you rebels! Are we supposed to bring you water from this rock?" And then it happens. Moshe does not speak to the rock as he was commanded. He instead strikes the rock with his staff... twice. What happens next? We would expect that violating YHVH's plan would cause the rock to stay dry and the people to remain thirsty, correct? Wrong. It was YHVH's plan for His people to get water from that rock. Therefore, something as small as Moshe's temper tantrum (?) would ot be enough to circumvent His will. As we have seen many times before and after, when YHVH intends something to happen, it will happen. He just may have to circumvent our will to make it so.

After bringing water to the people, Moshe finds out the extent of his transgression. YHVH tells him that he will no longer be allowed to bring the people into the Promised Land. He would get them to the border but would not be allowed to cross over the river with them. What a harsh punishment. There could hardly be a stronger earthly punishment for such as Moshe. The culmination of his life's work has just been placed out of reach. Just like the rest of the first generation who wouldn't reach the Promised Land, neither would their first leader.

So what exactly was Moshe's sin? This has been the big debate. One school of thought says he sinned by striking the rock instead of speaking to it, in direct defiance of a command from YHVH. Another says that the problem was that he acted out of anger, and not out of faith in YHVH. Still another makes the argument that he stole glory from YHVH by stating that he and Aharon would bring water from the rock. Personally, I think it is more complicated than any one answer. I believe there was some of each of these and possible more involved in his transgression.

Clearly, striking the rock when he was told to speak to it was a direct violation of YHVH's command. Even if it wasn't one of the 613 commandments in the Torah, it was still a directive that came from YHVH Himself. Moshe didn't do what he was told, and therefore sinned. But that, I believe would not be enough to cost him the Promised Land. After all, YHVH had forgiven Israel and their ancestors of much worse in the past. Could his anger and frustration have kept him from the land? Again, others had shown anger and been forgiven. And if anyone had reason to be frustrated, it had to be Moshe after leading this motley crew for 40 years. I think he could have been forgiven for this as well. But, he compounded all his errors by taking credit for YHVH's work. YHVH does not share glory. This is leading us to the strongest transgression of all. Moshe showed a lack of faith in YHVH. This caused YHVH Himself to call Moshe out for not trusting Him. Moshe allowed his frustration and anger to turn his focus from YHVH and onto his own troubles. This lack of focus caused him to strike the rock, falling back on his own prior understanding, instead of speaking to it as he was told.

Rabbi Lord Sacks presents an interesting interpretation of the event. He says that the first generation that had been slaves were used to lessons coming by being struck with a staff. That was the way slaves were taught. It was a technique they could understand. The second generation, however, were a free people. They needed to be taught by a leader speaking. This fits with the new instruction that Moshe was given. By striking the rock, he was treating the new generation as a group of Egyptian slaves, rather than the free Israelites. Therefore Israel needed a new leader that would be able to lead a free people as they entered the land.

I think there is probably some truth to each of the possibilities, but as with so many things about YHVH and his grand design, we may have to wait until Yeshua can explain it to us.

Parasha B'chukkotai

B'chukkotai - By my regulations

Today's teaching will focus on the third aliyah of this Torah portion. YHVH has been giving Moshe instructions to give to Israel for their entrance into the land. This parasha focuses on YHVH's judgment, justice, and mercy. It begins with a list of blessings on the people if we will only "live by my regulations, observe my mitzvot and obey them". Unfortunately, as YHVH knows his people very well, this is the shortest part of the Torah portion. The next 25 verses deal with punishment for disobedience. It would probably be more, but I suspect YHVH wished to keep things brief so Moshe wouldn't have to spend another 40 days on the mountain.

Among the punishments listed is His people being dispersed among the nations. The reason for this dispersal is spelled out plainly in verse 35; the land will have its Shabbats. What does He mean by this? As we learned in last week's Torah portion, the land is supposed to get a Shabbat rest every seventh year. 2 Chronicles 36:21 tells us that the Babylonian captivity would be 70 years to allow the land to be paid all of the Shabbats that were not observed by Israel. This is part of YHVH's justice.

All of the blessings and curses listed in this parasha are part of His justice. If we obey, we are rewarded. If we disobey, we are punished. It is a simple formula. However, being all-too-human as we tend to be, we have never been very good at keeping that formula in mind. As a people, we have violated every commandment He gave us and then expected to continue to be blessed. It still goes on today. Fortunately for us, YVHV's justice is tempered by His mercy.

Beginning in verse 39, we begin to hear how things will be restored. YHVH tells us that not all of His people will be driven from the land. A remnant shall remain. This is both a blessing and a curse. While it is a blessing to retain the land and keep a presence of His people there, it is a curse because they will have to watch the land grow desolate. He tells us that it will be those people, the remnant in the land, that will be able to bring about the restoration. He says that they will confess their misdeeds and those of their ancestors. He then tells us that if His people will then humble their hearts and serve their punishment, he will remember His covenant with Ya'akov, with Yitz'chak, and with Avraham. And He will remember the land. After the land has been paid its Shabbats, He will restore the covenant and bring the people back to the land. Not a bad deal from the so-called "God of Wrath" of the Old Testament. Mercy existed long before the book of Matthew.

Speaking of books in the B'rit Chadasha, in Luke 15:11-32, we read one of the best-known parables of the Bible. Yeshua tells the story of the prodigal son. Many people interpret this story to be about the individual sinner who has fallen away from God and chooses later to come back home. While there is definitely a bit of that in the story, they miss the larger picture. Remember that YHVH is the God of Israel. This story is the same as this week's Torah portion, just told in a parable. Israel - the prodigal son - will take her birthright and heritage for granted and leave the land of the covenant. They will choose to be a part of the larger world instead of remaining in the house of the Father and following His rules. Their fortunes will turn to despair as they realize what they have lost. When they turn their eyes and hearts back to their Father and His ways, they will be brought back in and enjoy a feast in their Father's house. This is the true story of the prodigal son, as told all the way back in Vayikra.

K'doshim - Holy People

This week's Torah portion, K'doshim, is normally read along with Acharei Mot. However,since this is a leap year, it gets an entire week to itself.

K'doshim means "holy people". This entire Torah portion deals with how we are to be a holy people for YHVH. It begins with a restatement of a few of the ten commandments, including honoring your mother and father, keeping Shabbat, and not making idols. These are ways that we are to be a people apart. We are commanded to be different from the world around us. Holy means "set apart". We cannot call ourselves holy if we act just like the rest of the world.

Chapter 19 deals mainly with ways in which we are to be holy. We see how to deal with our fellow man; don't steal, don't lie, judge righteously, don't spread slander. We also see how we are to treat the land and its produce; don't harvest the corners of your field, fruit trees are forbidden for three years, don't intermix your livestock. Verse 33 is a very important one. It says that the foreigner in our land must be treated the same as a native-born Israelite. This is another way of saying "One Torah". This chapter is all about how we do the things that make us holy. There is no mention of punishment or consequences.

Chapter 20 changes tone. We now begin to see consequences and punishment prescribed by YHVH for violations of holiness. Some violations result in being cut off from the community. This is the gentlest punishment listed in this part of the parasha. These offenses include many sexual improprieties. This also includes people who know of a stronger violation but do not stop it. Other violations result in death. These are serious offenses that were common in the land into which the people were called to enter. Listed offenses include child sacrifice, adultery, and homosexuality.

Why does YHVH spend so much time telling us about holiness? Because he wants his people to be different from those who are being removed from the land. He says that the people already there are being destroyed because they are an abomination. His people are to be different. If we wish to be a part of His people, we must also be different.

One easy way to remember to be holy is to simply show respect for each other, for the land, and for YHVH himself. By leaving the corners of the field unharvested, you provide for the poor and the orphans. You show respect for the land when you allow the trees to grow fruit unmolested for three years. You show respect for YHVH by obedience and sacrifice.

How would our world be different today if we simply showed respect in this way? For example, chapter 19, verse 32 says we should stand in the presence of the gray-haired. This includes male and female as can be seen by the use of the feminine form of the Hebrew word seybah and the male word zaqen. Do we stand in the presence of our elders today? *In English the word hoary means gray. Compare that to verse 29 above it about making our daughter a whore. Today, many parents don't literally turn their daughter into a whore, but they treat her as one. In fact, we give more respect and honor to actors, singers, etc. who dress and act like a whore than we do to our elders. Society has it backwards.*

Which will you choose to honor; the hoary, or the whore?

*This section was suggested to me by my good friend Stan at Coffee & Devotions. He deserves the credit.

Tazria - She Conceives

Vayikra (Leviticus) 12:1-13:59

This Torah portion is the middle of three discussions of clean and unclean. In last week's parasha, Sh'mini, we learned about clean and unclean foods. Things outside of us that make us tahor (clean) or tameh (unclean). In this portion, we begin to deal with our own internal uncleanness. I will be focusing on the first aliyah or first reading of the parasha. The Torah portion begins with a woman becoming unclean by childbirth.

I'd like to take a moment to point out something that was brought to my attention by a good friend, Stan Randall at Coffee and Devotions. The title of this Torah portion, Tazria, means "She conceives". It refers to the moment of conception being the defining moment, not "this trimester" or "so many weeks" or even birth. Birth is listed second as a completion of conception. Understanding this simple statement in one section of one portion of Torah could completely end the entire abortion debate and make this world a better, more blessed place.

And now back to our regularly scheduled teaching. YHVH tells Moshe to tell the people that a woman who has a son is unclean for seven days. On the eighth day, she is to have the boy circumsized. He then goes on to say that the woman must wait thirty-three more days before she can be purified. She is not unclean, but neither is she clean. She cannot touch anything holy or come into the sanctuary during this time. If she gives birth to a girl, for reasons not given by YHVH, her period of uncleanness and her wait for purification are doubled. She is unclean for fourteen days and must wait an additional sixty-six days before purification. Many different opinions have been offered through the years as to the reason for the difference, ranging from patriarchal superiority to punishment for Eve's sin in the garden. Personally, I think there is probably some compensation involved for male children having to go through circumcision while the females get to skip that requirement. But that may just be the modern-male squeamishness talking. (Choose among them as you will, your mileage may vary, author is not responsible for intentional or unintentional misuse of information gathered from outside sources and the opinions formed or held by readers thereof.)

We now learn of the requirement for the woman to be purified so that she can return to the sanctuary. There are two offerings required; a one year old lamb for a burnt offering and a pigeon or dove for a sin offering. If she can't afford a lamb, two pigeons or doves will suffice. This leads to an interesting question. Why the sin offering? What sin has the woman committed? Has she not in fact obeyed one of the earliest of all commands, to go forth and multiply? How can she then be guilty of committing a sin? I humbly submit that she is not guilty of any sin in the childbirth itself. However, as she has been unable to approach the sanctuary or the altar, she has been unable to bring her normal sin offering for up to two and a half months. Is it likely that she has committed no sins at all during that time? Had no impure thoughts during the painful childbirth or when the baby is crying all night? Never had a disparaging thought about her husband who got her into this mess in the first place? This is her opportunity to gain atonement for all those things for which she has been unable to atone during her separation. If she has managed to be completely sinless during her entire time of separation, is the sin offering still necessary? Look at Vayikra 5:3. It clearly states that if someone touches human uncleanness, as soon as he is aware of it, he is guilty and must bring a sin offering. If a woman has been declared unclean - as any woman who has given birth has - she cannot be made clean without a sin offering. That's why the scripture tells us in the last part of verse eight; "the cohen will make atonement for her, and she will be clean."

But what about the husband? The father of the baby who brought forth so much uncleanness to the woman? There's no mention of him being unclean. Or is there? Remember verse 5:3 earlier? If he touches his wife at all during her time of separation, he is unclean. He must then bring a sin offering to be made clean again. How's that patriarchal privilege working for you now? So why can he be made clean immediately? Why doesn't he have to wait 40 or 80 days like his wife? Well, if he has to remain separated and cannot be a part of the community for all that time, who is going to provide for the needs of the family? YHVH made a way for the family to continue to function while still observing the necessities of cleanness and holiness. He's good that way. He takes care of His people.

The last part of this aliyah begins the discussion of tzara'at, commonly translated as leprosy. It is pretty clear through reading the descriptions of tzara'at, however, that it has no connection to the modern disease of leprosy, also known as Hanson's disease. Everyone today can envision the leper with missing body parts and incurable organ damage. Where in this parasha are either of these symptoms mentioned? Leprosy is an incurable disease that always leads to painful, lingering death. Tzara'at can be cured by atonement and purification after repentance. How can they possibly be the same disease? The rabbis have taught for generations that tzara'at is a spiritual disease caused by inward sin. Haughtiness, arrogance, slander, and gossip are all causes of tzara'at according to the rabbis. Remember that Miriam was cursed with tzara'at for speaking out against her brother Moshe's leadership. Tzara'at was an outward sign of an inward condition. It is interesting to note that there has been no recorded case of biblical tzara'at since the loss of the Temple and our means for ritual purification. I believe that is further evidence that tzara'at is a sin condition more than a skin condition.

Without tzara'at in our midst today, does this part of the Torah portion have any relevance to us? Of course it does. Torah is a manual for life, not just in the wilderness outside Egypt 3500 years ago, but today, tomorrow, and forever. Is there still a problem of arrogance, gossip, or slander in the community today? Do we not need to have a plan for dealing with these issues? When these afflictions appear in our midst, we must remove them. The offender needs to be put outside the camp until they have repented and are made "clean".

P'kudei

Sh'mot 38:21-40:38

This is the last of 5 parashot regarding the building of the tabernacle. It begins by listing the amounts of the precious metals used to build the tabernacle.

• Gold - 1930 pounds
• Silver - 6650 pounds
• Bronze - 4680 pounds

They need the BIG trucks to move everything! But we see that this isn't all that the people brought. They brought so much that B'tzal'el had to have Moshe tell the people to stop bringing it. There was too much! Do we bring more than is required when YHVH calls us? Or do we complain about bringing the little that is required?

The next section describes the making of the priestly garments. It repeats the detailed description of the High Priest's garments. As we know when reading Torah, repetition implies significance. From this we can infer that those who are called to serve Him as priests are not to take the calling lightly, and are not to be taken lightly. Aharon's robes, breastplate, etc. contained gold and gems. It was very heavy. Therefore, his robes were a constant reminder that he carried a heavy burden for Israel.

We are told repeatedly that the people did exactly as YHVH had ordered Moshe. When we follow YHVH's commands as stated, the results are spectacular. YHVH's design plans created the tabernacle, man's design plans created the Roman coliseum. Let's compare the two. The coliseum is bigger and "grander". It was built to be permanent. It is a monument to pompous arrogance and is a place of death and depravity. The tabernacle, on the other hand, is more magnificent and moved with the people. It was an expression of our willingness to give of ourselves to YHVH. It was a place of Life and holiness. Which would you rather visit if given the choice?

Now let's compare two dwelling places of YHVH among the Israelites. The Tabernacle versus Solomon's temple. As I said before, the Tabernacle was YHVH's design and plan. YHVH desired to move with the people as they traveled. The Tabernacle was always in the center of the people wherever they were. It was built by willing artisans with materials donated as heart-felt gifts. Only materials willingly given were allowed in its construction. It was assembled by Moshe as YHVH insructed. Moshe blessed the people for the work they had done when construction was complete. YHVH's presence filled the Tabernacle per His desire. The temple was Solomon's design. It was a permanent structure in Israel. When the people were forced out of the land, the temple stayed behind. It was built with forced labor, not willing participants. There was no command from YHVH to build the temple. It was allowed because David wanted it and YHVH honored him. Solomon took credit for building the temple, but the work was outsourced to King Hiram of Tyre. His architects and builders did most of the work. While YHVH's presence did fill the temple, it was in respect for David's desire, not YHVH's.

Finally, we end the Torah portion with the cloud by day and fire by night. YHVH's presence descended to the Tabernacle and dwelt among His people. When the cloud of His presence moved, the people moved. If it stayed in place, the people stayed in place. The people of Israel literally followed YHVH daily. Do we?

Vayak'hel - He Assembled

Sh'mot (Exodus) 35:1-38:20

This Torah portion can be difficult to teach, simply because it is very short and spends most of its time restating what we already read in Parasha T'rumah three weeks ago. In normal years this portion is read along with the next portion, Pekudei. Since this is a leap year, we read them separately. So let's see what YHVH has for us in this Torah portion.

The portion tells us again about the voluntary offerings brought to build the tabernacle, all the implements to be used in the tabernacle, and the garments for the priests to serve. It says that the people brought gold, silver, and bronze; fine linen; blue, purple, and scarlet yarn; fine gems and stones, and acacia wood. Do you know where acacia trees grow? They are common in Australia, Africa, and the desert areas of the Near and Middle East. Where were the Israelites when they built the tabernacle? That's right, the desert of the Middle East. Do you think it is a coincidence that anyone who did not have the fine materials, precious metals, or gems could still provide some of the needed materials? All they had to do was give of their time to go out into the desert around them and gather wood. It's YHVH's way of making sure that anyone who was willing would be able to honor Him.

Speaking of willing, the Torah portion repeatedly states that only those who gave willingly were to bring an offering. In the Complete Jewish Bible it says "everyone whose heart stirred him and everyone whose spirit made him willing." We never find out if all of Israel gave, or just some of them. The implication is that some chose not to give, since it keeps mentioning only those who were willing. Interestingly enough, there was no mention of punishment for anyone who chose not to bring an offering. It was truly a voluntary offering. It didn't even require that people brought "things". It stated that those women with skill in spinning brought the yarn and linen. Some women who didn't have yarn, came and gave of their time and energy to spin the goat's hair.

Everyone who gave for the building of the tabernacle, regardless of their gift, knew what it was for and how it would be used. Too many people today give without understanding why. The don't know two important things:
Where is the money going?
What is its purpose?
Unfortunately in many churches and synagogues, the leadership hasn't bothered to answer these questions, either. They often just continue to collect offerings because it's better to have more rather than less. They don't have a plan for how that money will be used for the advancement of YHVH's Kingdom or the betterment of His people. When was the last time you heard a church say "Stop bringing your offerings, it's too much"? And yet that is exactly what B'tzal'el told Moshe to tell the people. They brought too much for the project at hand.

Speaking of B'tzal'el, we learn more about him and his assistant Oholi'av and their roles in building the tabernacle. Wasn't it good luck that B'tzal'el was born with all the knowledge necessary for building the tabernacle? Metal work, sewing, spinning, weaving, setting gemstones, woodworking. He knew it all from birth and was just standing by waiting to be called upon to help, right? No? Well then he must have learned all those skills when he was a slave in Egypt. He obviously apprenticed with all the best teachers to learn metal working, sewing, spinning, weaving, setting gemstones, and woodworking. No? Well then how could he possibly have known all the things necessary for the building of the tabernacle? If we accept a common teaching of modern Christianity that the Holy Spirit is a New Testament thing - as we all know, it came about in Acts 10, right? - then the patently ridiculous options I listed would have to be the only possibilities. However, as readers and students of Torah, we know that the Spirit of God came upon B'tzal'el and gave him the wisdom, understanding, and knowledge of every kind of artisanry. B'tzal'el and his Oholi'av were both given the ability to teach others. Throw in some prophecy and speaking in tongues and they could have had an entire Pentecostal revival right there in the desert!

Clearly, the Holy Spirit is not something new in the New Testament, the B'rit Chadasha. However, we can see a difference in how the Spirit was given and manifested before and after the coming of Messiah Yeshua. In the Tanakh, we see that the Spirit was given to individuals as needed to complete a specific task. B'tzal'el for example. In the B'rit Chadasha, we see the Spirit poured out upon large groups and offered to all believers for all needs. The 120 men of Acts 10. Just as the Tanakh tells the story of a small nation chosen to be YHVH's people, and the B'rit Chadasha shows how all people can choose to be a part of that nation through Messiah Yeshua.

The last thing I want to discuss about this Torah portion is the composition of much of the furniture in the tabernacle and how that relates to the living Tabernacle that YHVH says will be built for His eternal reign. As we see in this portion, the ark, the altar of incense, the table for the showbread, and even the walls themselves were made from acacia wood and covered in fine gold. Why this arrangement? Why not just use wood as most furniture and walls were, or just gold if it had to be so pure?

Acacia wood is very strong, but it is not refined and pure like gold. Gold is pure and very beautiful. However, in its purest form, it is very soft and malleable. By combining the two, they create a strong, beautiful item that is pure enough to serve in YHVH's house. As the building blocks of YHVH's living tabernacle, we must be the same. We cannot just have the strength of the acacia wood. Strength without purity is selfish and worldly. It will break under pressure and show all the scratches and gouges gained through time and exposure. We cannot be pure like the fine gold without support. Purity alone is too weak to stand. It will bend under pressure and can be easily re-formed into a new shape. When we have strength and purity, then - and only then - will we be ready to serve in YHVH's kingdom.

B'ha'alotkha - When You Set Up

B'Midbar (Numbers) 8:1-12:16

This week's Torah portion is a big one. There is so much information that I could easily fill several pages of teachings. I'll try to keep it briefer than that, however. I'm going to discuss a few points from the portion and then try to show how some of them relate together in ways that you may not have seen before. 

Right after discussing the proper setup of the menorah, the Torah portion talks about the L'vi'im, the Levites. We are told how they are to be purified and presented to YHVH as a wave offering. The people must also make atonement for the L'vi'im before they can begin to serve in the tabernacle. But you can read about that yourselves in the Torah. I'm going to move on to something else that is said about them. The L'vi'im were not supposed to be priests or work in the tabernacle any more than any other tribe. The original plan was for the firstborn of all tribes to take on that duty. It was their  birthright. However, as we all know, they gave up that birthright at Mt. Sinai when they convinced Aharon to make the golden calf. All the tribes, except one, participated in that event. Only one tribe, Levi, stood up on the side of YHVH against their own brethren. For that, they were given the honor of serving Him in the tabernacle. The other tribes all questioned YHVH. After Moshe was called to the top of the mountain and stayed for so long, they began to doubt that YHVH had protected him and would send him back to them. In this case, YHVH's plan - the firstborn being a priesthood - was subverted by man. And yet, YHVH continued his plan with someone else in their place. It is important to remember that, no matter what, YHVH's will is going to be done.

Next, we are reminded of the rules for observing Pesach (Passover). The people observed the festival as required, but there were some who were not able to participate as they were unclean from being around a dead body. These people also questioned YHVH, but with a different spirit than those who questioned at Mt. Sinai. This time, they wanted to know how they could follow YHVH's commandments completely without breaking another commandment. They were told to observe Pesach, but also told they could not participate if they were unclean. It's interesting to see that in this case, YHVH's plan (Pesach observance) was subverted by YHVH (rules for the unclean). YHVH honored their questioning by allowing a second Pesach one month later. His will was achieved by making provision for all of His commandments to be observed.

As you can see, there are different ways to question YHVH. It is okay to question Him, if it is done in the right way and for the right reason. It is acceptable to ask how you can serve Him better or more fully, as the unclean did about Pesach. It is not acceptable to question His ability or His plan. And remember, arrogance before YHVH is NEVER acceptable. Do not ever try to do His job for Him as the people did when they built the golden calf.

If I were to ask how many of YHVH's festivals could be found in this Torah portion, most people would answer "one". It's very clear with what we just read about Pesach. I would suggest that there are actually two. I'll explain in a moment.

YHVH commanded the people to make two silver trumpets. They would be used to call the people together or to war. If one trumpet was blown, only the leaders were to gather. If both, then all the people are being called. Why two trumpets? Doesn't Torah require two witnesses? It is acceptable for one witness to bring something to the leadership, just as one trumpet will call the leaders together. However, it takes two witnesses before it can be brought to the people for action. Therefore, it takes two trumpets to call all the people together for action. See how everything YHVH does leads us to seeing and remembering other things He has done? If you remember the two witness rule, you can remember when to use one or two trumpets.

Now, what about that second festival? How about Yom Teruah, the feast of trumpets? I know, you're thinking "That's too easy. Just mentioning trumpets doesn't automatically make it about Yom Teruah." I agree there needs to be more. I'm not just talking about any Yom Teruah. I'm talking about the Yom Teruah when the final trumpet is sounded. It says that there will be A trumpet sounded, not two, when Yeshua returns. "But calling the people together requires two trumpets", you say. Remember though who is called with one trumpet. Those who lead. When He returns, is He going to gather all people to Him, or just certain ones? Were we not called to lead people to Him? So who is the trumpet calling?

The Torah portion then moves on to discuss when and how the people moved through the desert on their journey. It is important to note that they were not to go anywhere unless YHVH was leading them. Wouldn't our lives be better today if we followed that same rule? How many times do we take action because it seems right to us, but we didn't check to see if YHVH was leading it? If you are like me, that usually leads to disaster. At best, it leads to less than optimal results. We need to make sure we're keeping our eyes on Him and going where He wants, WHEN he wants.

The people didn't just wander through the desert as a giant mob. They were commanded to move in a particular marching order. They marched the same way that they camped, by tribe, in order. The tribes that camped in front of the tabernacle (to the east) set out first. These moved under the banner of the tribe of Y'hudah. Next came two clans of L'vi'im, Gershon and M'rari. Gershon brought the walls and coverings, etc. of the tabernacle, while M'rari carried the framework. They had to arrive at the next camp early enough to get the tabernacle rebuilt before the furniture and implements arrived. Then came the tribes on the south side of the tabernacle under the banner of Re'uven. They were followed by the L'vi'im of K'hat. These carried the furniture from the tabernacle, including the menorah, the altar of incense, and other implements. Then came the tribes who camped behind the tabernacle to the west under the banner of Ephrayim, and finally the tribes from the north under the banner of Dan.

There are a couple of things we can learn from this arrangement. The largest group of tribes camped in front of the tabernacle and led the march while the smallest group camped behind the tabernacle. Why is that? Because where He is leading you is more important than what is behind you. Your greatest effort must always be focused on what is ahead. But, you must still guard against the things you have left behind you. Just like the Israelite's had to guard against attack from the rear, you must not let yourself be destroyed by things you thought you left behind.

Speaking of things we thought we left behind; remember the mixed multitude that came out of Egypt? We've been taught that they all became a nation at Mt. Sinai. Those who were not natural-born Israelites were grafted in and became part of the nation, like Caleb who became a leader of the tribe of Y'hudah. However, we see in this portion that there were still some who had not joined the nation. They are still referred to as a mixed crowd in B'Midbar 11:4. It is this group that began the grumbling that got the Israelites demanding meat. The Israelites allowed the outsiders to corrupt their thinking and brought destruction into their camp.

When the people began to complain (again), Moshe questioned YHVH. Remember what I said about questions being okay if done correctly? Well, we know that Moshe was the humblest of men, so it was with that spirit that he brought his concerns to YHVH. This spirit is also seen in the B'rit Chadasha (New Testament) when Yeshua was in the garden. As He is quoted in Matthew 26:39 "If possible, let this cup pass from me." Even our Messiah had reason to question what was happening at times. But, as we see from his next statement, "Yet - not what I want, but what you want!", we can see that he still kept his proper reverence for YHVH. Just as Moshe did. He was human and had doubts of his own abilities, but he didn't doubt YHVH. YHVH answered Moshe's concerns by pouring out His Spirit on 70 elders to assist Moshe. When they received the Spirit, they began to prophecy. It also says that two of the men stayed in the camp and prophesied there for the people to hear. Does this event sound similar to something that happened in the book of Acts? Say, around the time of Shavuot (Pentecost)?

The Hebrew word for spirit is ru'ach. This is what YHVH poured out on the elders. The word also means wind. Which is what YHVH used to bring the quail from across the sea. It says YHVH sent a ru'ach to get them. He caused the quail to fall all around the camp, but outside the camp. The word translated as fall here also means abandoned or forsaken. So YHVH abandoned the quail outside the camp. Just as he abandoned those who chose to remain outside the camp and not join the nation of Israel. The people had to choose to leave the camp, where YHVH provided manna, to go get the quail. They turned away from His blessing and received what became a curse. YHVH sent a plague among them while they ate the quail. So, will we choose to be inside or outside His camp? Will we accept his blessing - the manna, or his curse - the quail?

It's interesting to note that YHVH sent quail at the beginning of their journey and it was accepted as a blessing. It was when they demanded it with a wrong heart that it became a curse. When the people were just starting their journey, any gift from YHVH was amazing. The people were humble slaves who feared YHVH. After following Him for two years in the desert, they became arrogant. They no longer accepted his blessing of manna as a gift and began to make demands of Him.

When we start our walk with YHVH, especially as we return to his Torah, everything we see Him do is amazing. As we get more used to Him, the newness wears off. We begin to get arrogant. Remember what it was like being new to studying his Word and his ways?

• Look at all these things He's showing us in Torah.
• Look at that beautiful Torah scroll.
• Dancing before the Lord is so incredible.
• Praise YHVH!

As we get older, things begin to change.

• I've studied Torah for years, I know what it says.
• Look! We have a beautiful Torah scroll.
• That's not the right way to dance, we do it THIS way!
• I don't sing in front of people, I praise Him my own way.

Am I saying that praising YHVH by ourselves is wrong? Absolutely not. Am I saying praising Him our own way because we are too good to do it in front of other people is wrong? You bet your boots! Remember, it's all about the spirit and attitude that is at the root of our worship, our praise, and our study. Keep it about Him and keep a humble heart. Then we will always see His blessings and not force Him to make them a curse for us.